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The Anatomy Of Pad

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작성자 Marjorie 작성일24-08-29 10:23 조회4회 댓글0건

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The flask system design requires that sufficient heat sink is incorporated into the flask system to achieve the target down hole duration and total motor cycle time. The total dissipated heat (total motor cycle time) is a function of the quantity of motor cycles and duration per motor cycle. Mechanical gyros dissipate 15-25 watts and require sufficient heat sink to achieve the target down hole duration. Extremely accurate mechanical gyros have a minimum operating temperature. In deep water offshore applications, the gyro must be thermally insulated from the cold sea bed temperatures encountered in the riser section to maintain the gyro above its minimum operating temperature range. Other forms of gyro tools such as fiber optic and MEMS have a maximum operating temperature of 50-85C but have been successfully used in many ultra-high temperature geothermal applications while in a vacuum flask. Like Magnetic Survey tools, Gyro survey tools also establish 3D coordinates along the well's path to create 3D point to point locations of a well's placement and path. Motors are used to actuate outward swinging hardware (decentralizing arms, pads, measuring fingers), actuate pull/push rods (set downhole hardware), rotate hardware (pipe cutters, scanning sensors), orient hardware (perforating tools, cameras), skechers uniforms pumps (inflatable packers, formation testers), cable head release tools.


The top end of the flask terminates in the end user's typical cable head configuration to allow the option of connecting directly to the cable head or using a saver sub between the vacuum flask and cable head. Flasks for mono conductor cable typically terminate at the top end with the industry standard 1-3/8" GO box (1-3/16"-12 thread). These tools typically terminate at the top end with the industry standard fishing neck pin thread. Density tools consist of an active radioactive source emitting gamma rays into the formation and multiple detectors capturing the gamma ray returns from the formation. Spectral density tools typically utilize large diameter detectors and photo multiplier assemblies that capture the formations natural gamma ray emissions. Density tool designs are sensitive to gamma ray attenuation, both high and low attenuation. High attenuation for Gamma Rays: The log data quality and accuracy is improved by the strategic implementation of high attenuation flask material for collimating outgoing and incoming gamma rays and shielding the detectors from back scatter. Since the OD must be as small as possible, the additional heat sink material produces a longer length tool compared to the un-flasked version.


When the motor is below its torque rating, a typical output is 70% work and 30% heat. If the motor is housed within the vacuum flask, the motor's heat dissipation can be reduced by utilizing the largest diameter motor possible which decreases the motor's torque load. Memory sections by their nature consume and dissipate only a small amount of heat since they are powered by batteries. The pad assembly is not flasked which requires that the electrodes' electrical insulation and the hermetic bulkhead electrical connectors are capable of withstanding the well bore temperature. Some tools incorporate pressure compensated sections that require hermetic bulkhead electrical connectors. Density tools normally require two vacuum flasks; one for the articulated pad with detectors and one for the associated electronics and motor controller. When an existing density tool is upgrade with a flask, special design effort is required to maintain the original spacing between the source and detectors while not compromising the performance of the high attenuation tungsten shielding. Neutron tools require less design effort to upgrade the temperature rating via a flask than a density tool.


Electric insulation is a design requirement of induction and resistivity tools. The vacuum flask design obviously must also incorporate the same form of electric insulation but upgraded to a higher operating temperature. The higher temperature design sometimes requires upgrading the temperature rating of the exposed connectors and electrical insulation materials. The vacuum flask's materials must also be non-magnetic and have a testing method and non-magnetic value reflecting the application. Since these tools are run through tubing, there is a market premium to minimize the flask's OD. Micro imaging tools utilize multiple pads that swing in an outward radial direction by motor actuated linkage to contact the well bore. The insulation takes place between components in the tools' axial direction (insulating subs) and/or radial direction (insulating sleeves). Magnetic Survey tools measure the Earth's magnetic fields and gravitational forces combined with inclination to establish 3 dimensional points along the well's path to create point to point locations of a well's placement and path. Others argue that they instead point out unfairness and prejudice within a society. This is worth considering, especially when you are out for a few consecutive days.

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